An interdisciplinary research team at Manchester Metropolitan University has conducted an extensive evaluation process to determine the true levels of precision and performance that a carbon dioxide laser etching technique can deliver. Developed as a less environmentally-harmful alternative to traditional bleaching methods, the laser technique’s potential in yielding highly precise denim effects while not compromising the quality, color, feel or strength of a garment – has now been scientifically assessed.

This method of distressing denim avoids traditional bleaching techniques which, according to the study’s authors, have a very poor environmental reputation due to using a range of physical, chemical and mechanical finishing methods that can pose severe risks to both the planet and the wellbeing of those exposed to it.

In the study undertaken by Manchester Fashion Institute and the School of Healthcare Science, light, medium and heavy weight indigo dyed 100 per cent cotton denim fabrics were exposed to a CO2 laser at various power and intensity levels.

Subsequent color change was investigated using a Spectrophotometer, a morphological structural analysis was carried out by Scanning Electron Microscopy, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) was used to monitor the loss of indigo dye and degradation of cellulose fibres.