There has been a major dip in the demand for genetically modified Bt cotton seeds in India this kharif season. The seeds that were introduced by the US multinational Monsanto in 2002 were the mainstay of cotton farming since then.
This year there has been a sharp increase in the use of local varieties of cotton seeds instead of Bt in the northern states.
Bt cotton has resistance against bollworm pest, considered a major risk. But last year pink bollworm infestation was reported in Bt seeds too. This reduced the farmers' confidence.
Till two years ago Maharashtra had a market share of 1.60 crore bags of cotton seeds, of which 96 per cent was Bt. This shrunk to 1.40 crore bags last year. This kharif season it is expected to come down to 1.24 crore bags, almost all of it Bt seeds.
Poor yields and rates to cotton have made farmers turn to other crops like pulses, maize and soyabean.
At one time Bt seeds were available at a premium in the grey market. Now traders are offering them at a discount. As against the official rate of Rs 800 a bag traders, after deducting their margins, are selling it for Rs 750 to Rs 730.
“The global economy is in doldrums which in-turn has affected the growth of the national textile industry.” Minister of Industry, Indonesia Saleh Husin is reported to have said this during his visit to manufacturer brocade PT Sinar Para Taruna in Bandung, West Java. "As we know, the textile industry in the past two years is somewhat stagnant because of the global economic situation is difficult," he added.
And that is the reason why the government continues to undertake policy measures to encourage domestic industries to compete with imported products flooding the domestic market, he continued. He later went to observe that to achieve this, the government couldn’t move on its own, entrepreneurs too must join in.
Although Indonesia has had a stagnant industrial growth, but it still did good enough after a considerable good order from European countries. In 2015, the national textile industry recorded a growth of 5.26% while in this year, the target could be optimized to reach 5.7%.
Later Husin appreciated those at PT Sinar who have been regularly contributing to the growth of the textile industry of the country. He also hoped that the company would continue to carry out new innovations.
It is interesting to note that PT Sinar was launched way back in 1989 and has been occupying an area of the factory in West Bandung regency since 1993. The company currently has two plants with a total staff of about 1,500 people.
The textile industry in Ghana is on the verge of total collapse due to the intensified illegal trade in pirated or smuggled textile fabrics from China and Far East countries.
So textile industry workers in the country are scheduled to hit the streets on July 6, 2016, to draw attention to the problem.
Textile companies have no orders and as of now some have sent about 80 per cent of their workforce home.
ATL, for example, which used to have a workforce of more than 3,000 some few years ago, now has a permanent workforce of 750. There has been shortage of materials at the factory for the past two weeks and this has been the norm for the past two years. The total workforce left at the factory is 250, comprising only the printing section and administration. The weaving and spinning department of the company, totaling about 230 workers, is currently home.
Textile manufacturing in Ghana is an industry consisting of ginneries and textile mills producing batik, wax cloth, fancy printed cloth and Kente cloth. Ghana's textile industry includes vertically integrated mills, horizontal weaving factories and the traditional textile manufacturing firms involved in spinning, hand weaving and fabric processing.
The recent auction initiated by China on reserve cotton to fuel domestic mill demand is set to impact India’s spun yarn production.
The offtake by Chinese mills under the ongoing reserve cotton auctions in China has affected India’s cotton and cotton yarn exports.
In FY 2016, India’s spun yarn production grew at the slowest pace of about 3.2 per cent in the last four years. This slow pace of growth in spun yarn production has been driven by factors like tepid domestic consumption and limited growth in exports.
The Chinese move of cotton reserve auction could also impact margins of Indian spinning mills going ahead.
Given the concerns on yarn export prospects due to the expected improvement in mill use in China, and expectations of firm domestic cotton prices in the near term, under tightened cotton availability, the contribution margins of Indian spinning mills can come under further pressure in the coming quarters.
Despite the sluggish domestic demand, the weakness in the Indian currency during the fourth quarter of 2016 and the resulting improvement in export realisations in rupee terms drove up domestic yarn prices.
The increase in yarn prices was also driven by the impact of firm cotton prices in the backdrop of tightened cotton availability. As the increase in yarn prices was higher than the increase in cotton prices, the average contribution margin in the fourth quarter of 2016 was higher by five per cent on a quarter-on-quarter basis, though lower by roughly one per cent on a year-on-year basis.
Increasing interest of Indian spinning mill owners in Pakistani cotton has accelerated the local market. July will be a very crucial month in connection with cotton as there is an increasing trend in prices in the Indian cotton market. The price of the benchmark Shankar-6 variety of Indian cotton has been further increased by Rs 200 to Rs 40,500.
The remaining stock of old crop is not more than 50,000 bales while expected production for the month of July is 1,10,000 bales so the total available quantity will be 1,60,000 bales against the required quantity of 4,10,000 bales for the month.
The Karachi Cotton Association, however, reduced its spot by Rs 50 to Rs 5,550 per maund.
Prices in both Indian and Pakistani markets are being increased and one can easily assess the future of cotton while keeping in view the increasing trend in its prices.
India is the world’s second largest cotton producer but Indian spinning mill owners are now searching for the commodity in markets all over the world.
On the global front, the referendum regarding the disintegration of the UK from the European Union kept the future deals of the New York cotton market in pressure; however, prices in the Indian cotton market are being increased with each passing day.
In the wake of hectic lobbying from different stakeholders, the Bangladeshi government is likely to bring down the tax at source on export from the proposed 1.50% for the next fiscal year 2016-17.
While presenting the budget for FY’16-17, Finance minister AMA Muhith had proposed to hike the tax at source on exports, including readymade garment sector by 1.50%. The minister proposed to set the tax rate at 1.5% from the existing 0.60% for the upcoming fiscal year.
Since then, considering the interest of exporters, leading business chambers and trade bodies have been pressing the government to reduce the tax rate or keep it unchanged at 0.60% for the next fiscal year.
The proposed hike on tax at source will not only cast shadow on new investment but also lead the sector to face tough competitions as the prices of product would go up further, they argued.
If the proposed tax at source is implemented, it will increase production cost and reduce competitiveness in the global market, they said demanding to set source tax rate at 0.60%.
Meanwhile, the Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FBCCI), with a revised budget proposal, requested the National Board of Revenue (NBR) to reduce the proposed tax at source on export proceeds to 0.60% from the proposed 1.5%.
As the rate is not yet finalised, Muhith may revise down the tax rate just before passage of the finance bill by the parliament on June 29, ministry officials said.
From July to April of FY16, the revenue authorities had collected over Tk1,300 crore as tax at source from the export-oriented industries.
The government was supposed to get Tk4000 crore from the sector due to the hike in tax at source on the export, said an official quoting NBR projection. “If reduced, it will have major impact on revenue collection,” he added.
According to officials in the finance ministry, the proposed tax rate may come down due to huge resistance by different quarters but the rate will not be set below 1% considering the revenue prospects.
Earlier in FY’16, the government had proposed to increase the tax at source on export proceeds to 1% but later it was reduced to 0.60% following protests, mainly from the clothing product exporters.
According to the market insiders, local producers will lose competitive edge while the competitors will become stronger as they are getting policy support from their respective governments.
Bangladesh is likely to reduce the tax at source on export from the proposed 1.50 per cent for the next fiscal year 2016-17 in the wake of hectic lobbying from different stakeholders.
The proposed tax rate may come down due to huge resistance by different quarters but the rate will not be set below one per cent considering the revenue prospects.
Earlier, in FY’16, there was a proposal to increase the tax at source on export proceeds to one per cent, but later it was reduced to 0.60 per cent, following protests, mainly from clothing exporters.
The industry feels if the proposed tax at source is implemented, it will increase production cost and reduce competitiveness in the global market. The proposed hike on tax at source, it’s felt, will not only cast a shadow on new investments but also lead the sector to face tough competition as the prices of products would go up further.
Local producers feel they will lose their competitive edge while competitors will become stronger.
Leading business chambers and trade bodies have been pressing for a reduction in the tax rate or keeping it unchanged at 0.60 per cent for the next fiscal year considering the interest of exporters.
"According to economists, post Brexit, the British pound is expected to continue tumbling, quickly leading to higher prices. Businesses worried about the impact of Brexit will at best delay investments – and at worst, start moving jobs elsewhere. Even Brexit's strongest advocates have admitted some economic stuttering is likely at first – and, as Britain is the EU's biggest export customer after China, any slowdown here will slow the rest of Europe."

Brexit will make Britain’s politics and economy volatile and extraordinarily uncertain for some time. However, the United Kingdom will no longer be bound by the European VAT rules; the weaker pound may cause inflation; the local economy can shift towards other areas and all these things make it very hard to predict a possible Brexit impact.
According to economists, post Brexit, the British pound is expected to continue tumbling, quickly leading to higher prices. Businesses worried about the impact of Brexit will at best delay investments – and at worst, start moving jobs elsewhere. Even Brexit's strongest advocates have admitted some economic stuttering is likely at first – and, as Britain is the EU's biggest export customer after China, any slowdown here will slow the rest of Europe.

During that period of uncertainty, apparel brands and retailers need to make their case clearly – something they've been pretty hopeless at recently, on both sides of the Atlantic.
Most Brexit supporters expected to lose, when Britain's EU referendum was first announced. In mid-May, 'Leave' started to pull ahead of 'Remain.' That surge of resentment coincided with growing complaints about prominent British apparel retailers.
Low wages and tyrannical management at Sports Direct's Shirebrook warehouse in Derbyshire summarise Britain's EU tangle. The area has been devastated since the UK government closed its coalmines in the 1990s, and while growth in Sports Direct's e-commerce business has meant the workforce has grown tenfold, the boom has also pulled in thousands of East European migrants – whose low pay is topped up by British tax subsidies. Their arrival also put strains on many of the town's resources.
Brexit advocates claim stronger trade links with countries in Asia and the Americas will eventually make Britain better off outside the EU.

World's largest apparel retailers and brands have seen profitability falling lately. As a result, it has tried putting more emphasis on promoting sales to developing countries – but often that has simply depressed profit further.
US apparel importers continue to push for ratifying the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). But none have provided any evidence that US voters will see a direct benefit in terms of greater job opportunities or lower prices. Lobbyists just claim that US apparel importers' profits rely on the TPP. Almost every UK retailer believed leaving the EU would be a step backwards. Europe gives them opportunities they don't want to lose.
Now with Brexit, the British government will want lots of international agreements it can present as ‘trade deals.’ Every country in Asia would love a deal that lets it sell clothes duty-free to Britain without easier access to their own markets for UK products. Which is precisely the kind of deal countries like Japan and Switzerland have signed with India. British apparel retailing stands to gain a lot from post-Brexit Britain's taste for trade negotiations.
Experts say there are two areas the Brexit will hit Belgian companies the hardest when it comes to trade and retail: first, the exchange rate, because currency devaluation will make imported goods more expensive. At the same time, it will benefit British competitors. Immediately after the referendum's results were revealed, the pound dropped to its lowest level since 1985, compared to the dollar.
The second area is more of a long-term effect: If the United Kingdom is no longer part of a unified market, then it can create rules and impose tariffs that may slow trade. Likewise, the European Union can also harden its stance on the import of British goods. Plenty needs to be discussed between both sides before a clear impact can be seen. Considering the intensity of trade between the United Kingdom and the European Union, both trade groups will probably (need to) sit down and write down new deals.
It is far too early in the process to see which way these talks will go. Will the United Kingdom remain in the European Economic Area, like Norway and Iceland, or will it move towards the European Free Trade Association, like Switzerland? Maybe it will just create multi- or bilateral treaties with the United Kingdom or individual European countries? The UK's exit has to be pinpointed within the next two years, but there is no timeframe for any new commitments whatsoever.
Already, policy makers in Japan, Korea and India are saying not much impact in terms of their respective countries' real economies. They're trying to reassure investors and to keep markets calm. It's true - a direct impact on Asian economies from Brexit is unlikely in the longer term.
As OCBC Bank's Wellian Wiranto said in a note to investors: As a percentage of GDP, exports to the UK range from 2-3 per cent for economies such as Hong Kong and Vietnam, to even lower (0.2-1 per cent) for most of the rest - including Indonesia and Malaysia.
But businesses in some major Asian economies, particularly India and Japan are likely to be hit.
Japan Inc. employs around 140,000 people in the UK and has about $59bn (£40bn) invested there. Big Japanese car manufacturers like Toyota have already said a Leave vote may lead to 10 per cent duties on UK-made cars being sold in the EU. Currently, Toyota exports almost 90 per cent of the cars it manufactures in the UK - and three quarters of those go to the EU.
Asian companies which have set up operations in the UK to gain access to EU markets will also have to reassess. Japanese electronics firm Hitachi, for one, has said it will rethink its UK operations in the event of a Brexit.
Over in India, the focus is on technology firms. Together, the UK and Europe account for over-a-quarter of the country's IT exports, worth around $30bn. In a statement, the Tata Group which has been operating in UK since 1907 said there are currently 19 independent Tata companies in the UK, with diverse businesses. It also said that ‘access to markets, and to a skilled workforce will remain important considerations.’
Certainly Asian business leaders are watching the process of how the UK transitions out of the EU very closely. If there is a material impact on EU economies, Asia won't escape unscathed.
China is also expected to suffer due to Brexit. The Chinese market didn’t reflect that overnight, falling by a marginal 1.3 per cent. Then again, investors all week were certain that the U.K. would remain a part of the EU.
The yuan still has ties to the dollar. As the dollar rises, the yuan rises. As the yuan rises, Chinese goods are less and less competitive. Chinese exports slow, manufacturing shrinks, layoffs are rife, unemployment escalates, imports decline, commodity prices fall and commodity economies crash. China falls into recession for reasons above mentioned. The U.S. falls into recession because the dollar is simply too strong.
And Europe, falls into recession because Brits - their currency crushed relative to the euro - can’t afford as much from Germany (hitting the German economy hard) and because of the loss of white-collar and manufacturing jobs that are soon to leave the U.K.
In short, the global economy is hit by Brexit, which will take a while to come out of it.
Textile mills and weaving units from different parts of Tamilnadu have displayed their products at a three-day event organised there by the Powerloom Development and Export Promotion Council along with the Regional Office of the Textile Commissioner.
With as many as 18 stalls, the business-to-business (b to b) meeting has companies from Palladam, Karumathampatti, Dindigul, Coimbatore and Erode displaying bed spreads, dress materials for men and women, aprons, shirts, towels, etc.
According to G. Kummaravel, assistant director at the Regional Office of the Textile Commissioner, this is an opportunity for hospitals, hotels, and educational institutions to select products and suppliers for bulk purchase. All the participants are direct manufacturers with 10 to 40 looms. They already supply products across the country and this is a platform for them to get new customers.
The Central Government has provided Rs. 10 lakh for the event and only a nominal amount is collected from the participants for the stall charges, according to Kummaravel.
Similar events were held in Coimbatore in 2011 and 2014. But, these were business-to-customer (b to c) exhibitions. This year, it was decided to have a business-to-business so that the participants get long-term customers rather than just the counter sales.
Textile dealers, garment manufacturers, merchant exporters, and institutions are likely expected visitors to the exhibition. The event was inaugurated today by G. Bakthavathsalam, chairman of KG Hospital.
Union Textiles Minister Santosh Kumar Gangwar inaugurated a 45-day-long skill upgradation training programme for Scheduled Caste handloom weavers in Bargarh district. Bargarh area of Odisha has a large cluster of handloom weavers and is famous for tie and dye Ikat weaves. It has produced a large number of national award winners.
The Minister also gave away certificates to students of the first handloom entrepreneur training course. Sixty handloom entrepreneurs have completed training in Indian Institutes of Handloom Technology at Bargarh, Varanasi and Salem.
Gangwar said that the central government is implementing several new initiatives which are aimed at raising earnings of handloom weavers to Rs 500 per day. The minister added that the Ministry of Textiles has asked state governments to send projects of blocks that have concentration of SC weavers on priority. A block-level cluster project is the new approach adopted by the government for comprehensive development of handloom weavers.
Under this, a project can avail assistance of up to Rs 2 crore for activities such as skill upgradation, loom upgradation, work sheds, professional assistance from a designer, common facility centre, dye house and a raw material depot, read a press release. In the last year itself, the government did sanction 228 such projects, 19 of which were in Odisha. Handloom weavers receive a wage of Rs 210 per day from the government during the training period, it added.
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