Banswara Syntex has reported a resilient performance for the fiscal year ending March 2026, with a 32.8 per cent Y-o-Y growth in profit after tax (PAT) to Rs 28.4 crore. The company’s total income grew by 4.8 per cent to Rs 1,369.7 crore, supported by robust EBITDA growth of 22.5 per cent to Rs 143.6 crore. This fiscal trajectory was spearheaded by the garment division, which saw revenue reach Rs 324 crore for the year, boosted by a significant improvement in capacity utilization from 46 per cent to 72 per cent. As the company navigates the evolving demands of the global apparel market, management remains optimistic, setting a top-line revenue target of Rs 1,450–1,500 crore for FY27, with anticipated EBITDA margins ranging between 10.5 per cent and 11 per cent.

Diversification amidst operational headwinds

The company’s ability to maintain growth amidst a challenging industrial climate - marked by labor shortages in the yarn segment and geopolitical supply chain disruptions in the Middle East - demonstrates the strength of its vertically integrated business model. While yarn volumes faced pressure due to regional labor constraints, the fabric segment maintained steady performance, particularly through enhanced domestic demand and an expanding footprint in the United States. Looking ahead, Banswara Syntex is strategically rebalancing its portfolio; by increasing the revenue contribution of higher-margin fabric and garment segments, the firm aims to insulate itself from market volatility. Management expects the proposed India–UK Free Trade Agreement to serve as a pivotal growth catalyst, potentially creating new export avenues and strengthening the company's competitive standing in premium Western markets.

A vertically integrated textile manufacturer

Banswara Syntex Limited is a vertically integrated textile manufacturer headquartered in Rajasthan, India. The company specializes in producing yarn, fabrics, and ready-to-wear garments, serving a diverse global clientele. With a focus on high-performance textile solutions, it operates across multiple international markets, targeting sustained margin expansion and operational excellence.

A delegation from the Southern India Mills Association (SIMA) met with Tamil Nadu Chief Minister C Joseph Vijay this week, presenting a urgent case for immediate state intervention to stabilize operational costs within the textile sector. With manufacturers facing mounting pressure from volatile input prices and global market shifts, the association emphasized, addressing the current electricity-related bottlenecks is essential for Tamil Nadu to maintain its position as India’s premier textile manufacturing hub. The delegation specifically called for the withdrawal of network charges for rooftop solar generation in alignment with High Court directives and urged the government to freeze demand charges at Rs 608 per kVA per month for the next three years to provide long-term fiscal predictability.

Mitigating operational volatility

Beyond immediate tariff adjustments, the industry representatives requested,the collection of arrears for deemed demand charges be deferred pending a final ruling from the Appellate Tribunal for Electricity (APTEL). Coupled with requests for accelerated funding for the PM MITRA Park scheme in Virudhunagar and the comprehensive implementation of the Tamil Nadu Integrated Textile Policy, these measures form a critical roadmap for industry survival. The appeal follows recent industry-wide concerns regarding raw material shortages - specifically the 25 per cent rise in cotton prices over the last two months - which have prompted the state government to seek central intervention for the removal of the 11 per cent import duty on cotton to safeguard employment and export commitments.

Industry representation

The Southern India Mills Association (SIMA) is a leading representative body for the textile industry in South India, headquartered in Coimbatore. It advocates for the interests of spinning, weaving, and processing mills, focusing on policy reform, sustainable manufacturing practices, and international trade competitiveness to support India's broader textile export ambitions.

Vishal Fabrics has concluded FY26 with a notable 23 per cent Y-o-Y increase in profit after tax (PAT), reaching Rs 35.64 crore. Boosted by a 5 per cent rise in total income to Rs 1,603.25 crore, reflects the firm's concentrated focus on operational refinement and the scaling of high-margin, value-added textile solutions. In the final quarter, the company maintained this momentum, securing a 22 per cent Y-o-Y growth in quarterly PAT to Rs 8.93 crore. These results emerge at a time when the broader textile sector is navigating a complex global environment, characterized by fluctuating input costs and shifting international demand.

Optimizing integrated manufacturing capabilities

The organization’s ability to sustain profitability is rooted in a disciplined approach to supply chain management and manufacturing integration. By emphasizing high-quality, sustainable fabric offerings, the company has effectively navigated the pressures of a competitive export landscape. Dharmesh Dattani, Chief Financial Officer, noted, the firm remains committed to improving operational agility, a move essential for mitigating risks associated with external market volatility. By focusing on quality-driven textile solutions, the company has successfully catered to both domestic and international markets, securing its standing within the Chiripal Group’s diverse industrial portfolio. This strategic orientation toward efficiency and market penetration provides a stable foundation as the company enters the new fiscal cycle.

Prominent denim manufacturer

Vishal Fabrics is a prominent Indian manufacturer of denim and processed fabrics, operating as a key entity under the Chiripal Group. Specializing in high-quality textile production, the firm serves diverse markets with a focus on sustainable manufacturing, capacity expansion, and the development of value-added fabric portfolios for global brands.

Lakshmi Machine Works (LMW) has demonstrated significant operational vitality in Q4, FY26, reporting a 33 per cent Y-o-Y increase in consolidated net profit to Rs 64 crore. Supported by a 16 per cent rise in quarterly revenue to Rs 933 crore, this performance underscores a renewed appetite for capital expenditure within the textile manufacturing community. The Coimbatore-based machinery leader has successfully leveraged rising domestic consumption and a favorable macroeconomic environment to drive these gains, suggesting that spinning mills are increasingly prioritizing technology upgrades to enhance efficiency and production capacity.

Navigating transition and exceptional gains

While the consolidated quarterly results showcase growth, the full-year figures require nuanced interpretation due to shifts in capital structure. LMW’s standalone net profit for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, stood at Rs 154 crore, a 35 per cent decline from the previous year. This variance is largely attributed to the absence of the ‘exceptional income’ booked in FY25, which included significant proceeds from the divestment of overseas subsidiaries like LMW Textile Machinery (Suzhou) Co and LMW Global FZE. Adjusted for these one-time divestment gains, the underlying operational trajectory remains positive, as evidenced by a 6 per cent revenue increase to Rs 3,082 crore for the fiscal year. These figures highlight the firm’s successful refocusing on its core manufacturing strengths in the domestic spinning machinery market.

Spinning machinery expertise

Established in 1962, LMW is a cornerstone of the Indian textile industry, providing a comprehensive range of spinning machinery solutions from blow room to winder. A leading global producer, the company focuses on high-precision textile technology, sustainable manufacturing infrastructure, and automation to support the modernization of global spinning operations.

The denim manufacturing sector is undergoing a profound digital transition as Spanish technology innovator Jeanologia unveils its latest proprietary artificial intelligence, ‘Billy,’ to the Chinese market. Debuting this week at the Kingpins China trade show in Hangzhou, the system marks a strategic shift from manual labor to high-speed digital automation in one of the fashion industry’s most resource-intensive segments: vintage finishing.

Bridging the gap between heritage and automation

Historically, replicating authentic vintage denim aesthetics required extensive manual intervention, often relying on hazardous chemical processes and inconsistent hand-finishing techniques. Billy addresses this by functioning as a high-fidelity design bridge. By analyzing images of vintage denim, the AI interprets complex variables - such as fade patterns, localized wear, and tonal contrasts—and translates them into precise, reproducible laser files. According to Jean Pierre Inchauspe, Business Director Asia, Jeanologia, this integration allows manufacturers to drastically collapse development timelines. What once demanded hours of technical adjustment is now achievable in minutes, ensuring that brands can scale authentic vintage looks without sacrificing the consistency required for large-scale industrial production.

Accelerating China’s industrial digitalization

The deployment of Billy arrives as China, which currently accounts for over 20 per cent of Jeanologia’s total regional production volume, intensifies its focus on high-efficiency, automated manufacturing. The platform, trained on a database of over 9,000 laser designs, serves as a catalyst for local manufacturers seeking to balance speed-to-market with the increasing global demand for traceable, sustainable production. By embedding AI directly into the laser-finishing workflow, Jeanologia is enabling its Chinese partners to move away from labor-intensive traditional models toward a streamlined, digital-first infrastructure. This evolution is central to the industry's broader goal of reducing water, energy, and chemical consumption, ensuring that the high-volume output of Chinese hubs remains competitive in an era increasingly governed by ESG-focused procurement standards.

Specialist in sustainable spinning technologies

Headquartered in Valencia, Spain, Jeanologia specializes in sustainable finishing technologies, including laser systems, G2 ozone, and water recycling solutions. The firm partners with major global retailers to minimize the environmental footprint of garment production. Committed to ‘Mission Zero,’ the company aims to fully dehydrate and detoxify the textile industry through scalable, digital-first operational models.

Big Boss Corporation has reached a significant benchmark in industrial sustainability by securing LEED Platinum certification for its logistics infrastructure. The company’s facility at the Aptech Industrial Park in Gazipur earned 90 points under the LEED BD+C v4 rating system, specifically for its warehouses and distribution centers. This accreditation validates the firm’s integration of sophisticated energy management systems and resource-efficient design, marking a transition toward high-performance, eco-conscious industrial operations within the apparel supply chain.

Redefining industrial standards

The certification underscores a shift in how textile manufacturers prioritize the ‘back-end’ of their operations. By implementing advanced water conservation, optimized energy usage, and improved indoor environmental quality, Big Boss Corporation is effectively lowering the carbon footprint associated with storage and transit. Industry analysts note, this development is not merely a badge of honor but a strategic move to align with the stringent environmental compliance requirements now demanded by international fashion retailers. As global sourcing strategies prioritize sustainable logistics, such investments are increasingly viewed as essential for maintaining competitiveness in a crowded export landscape. This facility now stands as a high-efficiency anchor in the regional textile ecosystem, demonstrating that rigorous sustainability metrics can coexist with high-volume industrial output.

Large scale apparel production and export

Big Boss Corporation is a prominent garment manufacturing enterprise based in Gazipur, Bangladesh. As a core member of the Aptech Group, the company focuses on large-scale apparel production and export. Committed to sustainable manufacturing, it aligns its growth strategy with international environmental standards to enhance its global market positioning.

As Shenzhen cements its status as China’s premier hub for manufacturing, artificial intelligence, and startup cultivation, Intertextile Shenzhen Apparel Fabrics 2026 is evolving to match the city's innovative spirit.

Scheduled for June 9–11, 2026 at the Shenzhen Convention & Exhibition Center, this year’s fair promises a deeper focus on the technological and sustainable advancements redefining the global textile landscape.

A new era of industry collaboration

This year’s edition marks a significant shift in programming, most notably with the debut of the Future Horizons Forum and the Innovation Studio. These initiatives aim to provide garment manufacturers, suppliers, and designers with actionable insights into the next generation of fashion.

To be held on the opening day, the Future Horizons Forum features three expert-led sessions hosted by top academic institutions from the Greater Bay Area:

• Navigating the Next Wave of Textile Innovation: Hosted by Wuyi University.

• Shaping a Sustainable Textile Future: Moderated by the Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong (THEi).

• Unlocking the Applications of AI in the Fashion & Textile Industry: Led by the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU).

These discussions are designed to bridge the gap between academic research and real-world industrial application, particularly concerning the integration of AI in design and supply chain management.

The Innovation Studio: Sustainability meets technology

Complementing the forum, the new Innovation Studio serves as an interactive hub showcasing cutting-edge processes and materials. Key collaborators include the Asia International Hemp Federation (AIHF), which is positioning hemp as both a sustainable luxury fiber and a high-performance industrial material.

Meanwhile, PolyU’s Mint Studio will act as a networking bridge, connecting rising design talents with global buyers. Additionally, THEi and Wuyi University will demonstrate how cultural narratives and advanced manufacturing precision are being used to create sustainable, aesthetically superior textiles.

Global expertise in the International Zone

While the fair celebrates regional innovation, its International Zone remains a cornerstone of the event, hosting exhibitors from across Asia, Europe, and the Americas. The highly anticipated Japan Zone is expected to be a major draw for attendees looking for high-end, in-vogue fabrics. Notable exhibitors include:

• Kirari Co: Showcasing renewable cupro-fiber fabrics treated with advanced pleating and fibrillation technologies for exceptional skin comfort.

• Shibaya Co: Highlighting their "Sunny Dry" products, which utilize traditional artisanal sun-drying and hand-dyeing techniques to achieve a rich, natural texture without mechanical tension.

• Sunwell Co: Featuring a vast inventory of cotton-polyester blends, including high-twist, lightweight voiles known for their clean surface and delicate feel.

A platform for growth

Held concurrently with Yarn Expo Shenzhen and PH Value, the fair offers a comprehensive look at the entire textile value chain. By moving beyond traditional trade displays to prioritize intellectual exchange and technological solutions, Intertextile Shenzhen 2026 solidifies its position as a vital destination for stakeholders looking to adopt the models that will define the industry for years to come.

As the industry prepares for these critical three days in Futian, the emphasis remains clear: through the convergence of AI, sustainability, and global partnership, the future of fashion is being written in Shenzhen. For those seeking to remain at the forefront of the sector, this year’s fair is an unmissable opportunity to bridge the gap between today’s challenges and tomorrow’s market trends.

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" The release of The Devil Wears Prada 2 has sparked a debate far bigger than a Hollywood sequel. What appears to be a story about Miranda Priestly navigating the decline of magazine publishing has become a broader commentary on the state of global luxury fashion itself. Across the industry, executives, analysts, and critics are treating the film as a reflection of a deeper shift: the collapse of traditional fashion gatekeeping and the rise of consumer-driven luxury culture. Increasingly, brands are no longer shaping taste from the top down. Instead, they are adapting to the demands of ultra-wealthy consumers whose preferences now dominate fashion, culture, and even institutional standards.

End of the gatekeepers

For decades, luxury fashion operated through a tightly controlled hierarchy. Editors, designers, museum curators, and couture houses dictated aesthetics while consumers followed their lead. Fashion authority rested with institutions that defined what was aspirational. That model is weakening rapidly.

The luxury market is entering a slower growth cycle after the post-pandemic boom. Morgan Stanley forecasts only modest growth for personal luxury goods, while rising tariffs and higher operating costs continue to pressure margins across apparel and leather supply chains. To protect revenues, more and more luxury brands are abandoning their role as cultural educators. Instead of defending artistic standards, they are reshaping collections and campaigns around highly visible consumer preferences. Critics argue that this shift is particularly evident at events such as the Metropolitan Museum Gala, which many now see as a celebrity-driven commercial spectacle rather than a pure celebration of fashion history and craftsmanship.

A widely discussed industry critique linked this trend directly to The Devil Wears Prada 2, arguing that the film reflects not simply the decline of publishing, but the erosion of American aesthetic values themselves.

The return of conspicuous consumption

The debate has revived interest in the origins of haute couture. Traditionally, French aristocratic women relied on inherited aesthetic knowledge and private dressmaking systems to create fashion. After the political collapses of the French Revolution and successive regime changes, that cultural framework disappeared. Haute couture emerged in the 19th century through Charles Frederick Worth, who created salons where newly wealthy elites could be guided through fashion choices they lacked the training to make independently.

Critics argue the same tension exists today, but with one major difference. Instead of consumers adapting upward toward established standards of taste, luxury brands are increasingly adapting downward toward the preferences of wealth itself. The result is a growing culture of conspicuous consumption: fashion driven by visibility, spectacle, and social signalling rather than restraint or refinement.

This shift is also ending the dominance of ‘quiet luxury’. After years of minimal branding and understated tailoring, consumers are gravitating back toward expressive fashion, dramatic styling, and overt displays of status. Luxury houses are responding with louder aesthetics and experience-led strategies designed to maximize visibility and engagement.

Experience over product

The industry’s commercial model is also changing. Luxury groups are moving beyond traditional product-led growth toward experiential engagement built around hospitality, travel, private events, and immersive retail environments. Affluent consumers increasingly value exclusive experiences as much as ownership itself.

At the same time, luxury’s aggressive pricing strategy is beginning to backfire. Bain & Company estimates the global luxury customer base has fallen from around 400 million consumers in 2022 to approximately 340 million today, as repeated price hikes push aspirational shoppers out of the market. This creates a growing generational problem. Analysts warn that luxury brands risk alienating younger consumers by prioritizing short-term profitability over long-term loyalty and cultural relevance.

A global divide

The industry is also fragmenting geographically. While the US luxury market continues to benefit from wealth generated through equity and cryptocurrency gains, international markets are evolving differently. Growth is shifting toward affluent consumers in India, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East, regions developing distinct luxury identities outside traditional Western fashion structures.

At the same time, European cultural platforms such as the Cannes Film Festival are increasingly positioning themselves as alternatives to American celebrity-driven fashion culture. The contrast with the Met Gala has become symbolic of a larger divide between spectacle-oriented luxury and more globally refined aesthetics.

Critics argue this leaves American luxury culture increasingly isolated. The concern is no longer only about clothing design, but whether institutions themselves can retain authority after adapting so heavily to wealth-driven consumer expectations.

The circular reset

Alongside this cultural transition, luxury fashion is undergoing a major operational reset. Brands are investing heavily in repair services, resale platforms, refurbishment programs, and certified pre-owned businesses. More than two-thirds of luxury executives now support formal repair and restoration infrastructure, while many brands operate controlled resale systems to protect long-term brand value.

The shift reflects changing consumer priorities around durability, longevity, and investment value. Luxury is no longer competing solely on exclusivity or heritage. It must now balance cultural relevance, sustainability, and economic justification simultaneously.

That is why The Devil Wears Prada 2 has resonated so strongly across the industry. Beneath the nostalgia and glamour, the film arrives at a moment when fashion is confronting a larger question: who controls taste in the modern luxury era institutions, designers, or consumers with the power to spend?

The global leggings makers are racing to solve one of the apparel industry’s most expensive hidden problems: discomfort that appears after prolonged wear. With the sector projected to reach $63.8 billion by 2032, 2026 is emerging as a turning point where garment engineering is becoming as commercially important as fashion design itself.

For years, activewear brands competed largely on color palettes, silhouettes, celebrity collaborations and digital marketing. Yet a growing body of industry data suggests that the biggest threat to profit begins after purchase, when consumers actually wear the product for extended periods. In mature e-commerce markets, women’s fashion return rates have climbed as high as 28 per cent, with high-performance leggings among the most affected categories.

The underlying issue is no longer aesthetic dissatisfaction. Instead, consumers are increasingly rejecting garments because of what industry analysts describe as latent discomfort irritation, tightness and friction that develops roughly 20 to 40 minutes into movement. This delayed failure point has created what many manufacturers now call the ‘30-minute friction problem’, a challenge that is reshaping sourcing, manufacturing and textile innovation strategies across the global activewear market.

The shift to seamless

And what is helping this transformation is seamless circular knitting technology. Unlike traditional cut-and-sew construction, where flat fabric panels are stitched together, seamless garments are produced as continuous knit tubes. This eliminates abrasive seam intersections around high-friction areas such as the inner thigh, waistband and glute zones.

The commercial implications are proving significant. Traditional leggings often create discomfort through repetitive motion, especially during workouts or extended wear. By contrast, seamless engineering allows manufacturers to program compression, ventilation and stretch directly into specific zones of the garment without additional stitching.

For retailers, the technology is becoming less of a premium innovation and more of a defensive business strategy. European startups that shifted core collections to seamless construction reported return rates falling from 12.8 per cent to 4.6 per cent. At the same time, repeat purchase rates increased by 22 per cent within 90 days, highlighting how comfort is directly influencing customer retention and lifetime value.

Performance economics

The appeal of seamless garments extends beyond immediate comfort. Durability has become another critical battleground as consumers increasingly scrutinise garment longevity amid rising apparel prices and sustainability concerns.

Traditional stitched leggings frequently lose elasticity after repeated laundering because seams pull unevenly against synthetic fibres. Over time, this weakens recovery performance and creates sagging around the knees and waistband. Seamless construction distributes stress more evenly across the fabric structure, significantly improving shape retention.

Table: The difference technology makes

The durability advantage is becoming commercially vital. Industry surveys show that nearly half of consumers are willing to switch brands for products that offer better performance and longevity. In a highly saturated activewear market, shape recovery and wash resilience are increasingly functioning as differentiators rather than secondary features.

Sustainability gains

The seamless movement is also aligning with the apparel sector’s broader sustainability agenda. Traditional cut-and-sew manufacturing generates substantial fabric waste through offcuts and pattern trimming, with wastage levels often reaching 20 per cent during production.

Seamless knit-to-shape systems reduce this excess by producing garments closer to final form directly from yarn. Waste levels can fall below 5 per cent, making the technology particularly attractive as North American and European regulators tighten sustainability compliance requirements.

This efficiency is especially relevant in the booming athleisure sector, now valued at approximately $373 billion globally in 2026 and expanding at a CAGR of 7.2 per cent. Female consumers account for more than 60 per cent of the market, with nylon-spandex blends dominating due to their abrasion resistance and stretch performance.

The growing overlap between performance wear, casualwear and sustainability expectations is forcing brands to rethink manufacturing at a structural level. Companies that once outsourced commodity leggings are now investing in proprietary knitting systems and engineered fabric architectures to gain competitive insulation.

Smart utility

The next phase of innovation is already emerging through smart textiles. Analysts expect smart leggings incorporating biometric monitoring capabilities to generate nearly $1.5 billion in sales by late 2026. Seamless construction provides the stable, body-contoured platform required for conductive fibres such as silver yarns and graphene-based materials. These next-generation garments can track heart rate, muscle fatigue and movement efficiency while maintaining close skin contact.

This intermingling of apparel and wearable technology signals a broader shift in consumer expectations. Buyers want garments that deliver measurable utility rather than purely aesthetic appeal. As a result, the market’s strongest performers are likely to be brands that treat leggings not simply as fashion products, but as engineered performance systems.

The evolution of activewear is no longer being driven solely by style cycles. Instead, the industry’s future is being shaped by how effectively brands solve invisible comfort failures that occur long after the purchase decision. In the race for consumer loyalty, the decisive factor may ultimately be whether a garment still feels invisible after the first 30 minutes of wear.

The global apparel industry is confronting an uncomfortable paradox. The explosive rise of the resale economy, once viewed as a pathway to reducing overproduction is instead increasing fresh consumption. Rather than replacing new purchases, secondhand fashion is encouraging shoppers to buy more often, turning clothing into a liquid asset with recoverable value.

The global resale market, valued at nearly $130 billion in 2022, is projected to grow to around $210-220 billion by 2025 and could reach $320-360 billion by 2030. At the same time, resale’s share of the total apparel market is expected to double from about 5 per cent to 10 per cent. More importantly, the sector is growing far more rapidly than traditional retail, growing at roughly three times the pace of the firsthand market. Yet despite this rapid growth, apparel production continues to rise globally, exposing the limitations of resale as a sustainability solution.

The new economics of fashion ownership

Consumer psychology is changing fast, particularly among Gen Z and Millennials. Instead of viewing clothing as a sunk expense, shoppers see garments as temporary assets that can later be resold to recover part of the purchase price.Research by Meital Peleg Mizrachi of Yale University, published in Scientific Reports, found that frequent secondhand shoppers also tend to purchase more new clothing than consumers who do not engage with resale markets. The existence of strong resale platforms lowers the financial hesitation associated with buying new products because consumers expect future recover y value.

This resale-to-retail cycle is now reshaping the industry. According to the 2025 BCG and Vestiaire Collective report, 44 per cent of sellers use resale proceeds to fund additional secondhand purchases, while 18 per cent specifically sell items to afford new luxury or premium products. Platforms such as Vinted and ThredUp effectively unlock liquidity for consumers, enabling them to rotate wardrobes more frequently. As ownership cycles shorten, apparel consumption intensifies rather than slows.

Resale becomes a retail strategy

Major fashion companies are rapidly integrating resale into their business models not only to improve sustainability credentials, but also to retain spending within their ecosystems. Brands such as Zara, H&M and Patagonia have introduced trade-in programs and resale platforms that reward consumers with store credits. These systems ensure that money generated through resale flows back into new purchases from the same retailer.

ThredUp’s 2024 industry findings show that 62 per cent of retail executives now consider resale a key growth driver. Meanwhile, 45 per cent of consumers say they are more likely to buy from brands offering trade-in incentives. The strategy strengthens customer retention, but it also creates a rebound effect. As resale makes shopping feel more affordable and financially recoverable, consumers increase purchase frequency. Instead of reducing production pressure, resale may actually expand the industry’s total footprint.

Analysts argue that for circular fashion to meaningfully reduce emissions, every secondhand purchase must displace at least 0.7 units of new production. Current displacement rates remain well below that threshold.

Luxury’s speculative resale culture

The contradiction is especially visible in luxury handbags, where resale has evolved into a speculative investment market. BCG data shows that handbags now represent the highest level of secondhand penetration, with 40 per cent of handbags globally being pre-owned. In the US, the figure rises to 66 per cent.

However, this has not weakened demand for new luxury goods. Instead, resale profitability has encouraged more primary purchases. Consumers increasingly buy flagship bags from brands such as Hermès and Chanel knowing they may later resell them at 80–110 per cent of the original retail price. This “flipping” culture allows buyers to continuously cycle through new collections while limiting financial risk. In turn, luxury brands are incentivized to increase production of high-demand investment products to satisfy speculative consumer demand.

Regulation begins to tighten

As concerns around overproduction intensify, regulators are beginning to challenge the industry’s circularity claims. The European Union’s Ecodesign Regulation, expected to take effect from 2026, will likely require brands to assume greater responsibility for end-of-life garment management under Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) rules. These measures could significantly raise the costs of high-volume production models.

At the same time, Digital Product Passports (DPPs) are emerging as tools for tracking garment durability, repairability and resale history across supply chains. Policymakers increasingly view traceability as essential to ensuring that resale contributes to genuine environmental gains rather than simply supporting faster consumption cycles.

A hybrid future

The apparel industry is steadily moving toward a hybrid commercial model where resale, rental, repair and refurbishment coexist with traditional retail. By 2035, analysts expect circular business models to contribute nearly 20 per cent of industry revenues. But the sector’s central contradiction remains unresolved.

As long as resale functions primarily as a financial enabler for new purchases instead of a substitute for them, the environmental benefits of circular fashion will remain limited. The secondary market may be growing at record speed, but it is not yet slowing the industry’s production engine. Instead, it may be helping it run even faster.